The Hundred Year's War

The Hundred Year's War is a series of peace and battles that lasted one hundred years. It started when Edward III of England's uncle (the king of France) died. He was the closest heir to the throne, but because of a rule in an old, ancient law code, the descendant from woman can't claim the throne, so Edward III can't claim the throne since his mom is his uncle's sister, so instead, Philip VI of France became king instead because he was the closest heir from the male line, so he became king.

The Hundred Year's Was is separated into three different parts: The Edwardian Era, which lasted from 1337-1360, The Caroline War, which lasted from 1364-1389, and The Lancastrian Era, which lasted from 1415-1453. The Hundred Year's War was very influential.

The first battle recorded in the hundred years war was known as "The Battle of Sluys" in which it was a ship battle and the English severely won. After this victory for the English, Edward went on and captured Caen in just one day. After that victory, Philip met him at the "Battle of Crecy"; however, England won the battle too. They even captured the city of Calais. Having Calais enabled England to keep soldiers in France. After a plague called the Black Death, both England and France got a new king. France got John II for a new king. England god Edward, the Black Prince, for a new king. Edward, the Black Prince, led an invasion at Gascony and won. This battle was known as "The Battle of Poitiers. During this war, John II of France was captured by the Englis, so his son, Dauphin, ruled in his father's place.

The first peace treaty of the war lasted from 1360 all the way to 1369. This treaty was known as The Treaty of Bretigny. Charles V succeeded John II of France when he died in 1364.

The first peace treaty ended with tax disagreements in Aquitaine against France. After Edward III of England and his son both died, Richard II became king of England. Henry of England continued the war after a second peace treaty that lasted from 1389-1415.

The Battle fo Agincourt was a major victory for the English. Agincourt was a small, muddy field, which gave the English the upper hand. 400 Englishmen died compared to about 6,000 Frenchmen. The Treaty of Troyes brought about peace again and agreed that the heirs of Henry would be given the French throne.

Joan of Arc was a peasant girl who lived in France. When she was twelve, she began to receive visions of saints, and it took her a while until she realized the saints were telling her to lead an army and drive the English out of France and to help the king take back his country. Joan tried three times to have a conversation with the king to help him retake his throne, until one day the king let her in and she convinced him to take back France, but before she led an army, she needed to be tested by some priests to see if she held the correct religion and orthodoxy, and she did. To reform the French army, she made them go to church, treat civilians like they want to be treated, and stop swearing. Joan won many battles and drove the English out of France and even encouraged Charles of France to be coronated and he did.

During a battle, she got captured and was executed by being burned at the state as a heretic. She is still well-remembered today.